PSYC62H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Opioid Peptide, Opioid Receptor, Papaver Somniferum
Document Summary
Elicit pharmacological effects by acting on opioid receptors. Natural: morphine, codeine from opium poppies. Pharmacokinetics and opioid abuse: intravenous injection or inhalation is typically preferred (recreational, opioids permeate the bbb. Lipid solubility varies: opioids are primarily metabolized in the liver. Active metabolites: morphine morphine-6-glucoronide, codeine morphine morphine-6-glucoronide, heroin monoacetylmorphine morphine morphine-6-glucoronide, acetylcodeine (found in street heroin) codeine morphine morphine-6-glucoronide. Endogenous opioid system: endogenous opioid nts derived from propeptides. Prodynorphin: endogenous opioids bind to three types of opioid receptors. Receptors: nociceptin is produced from prepronociceptin. Binds to the opioid receptor like 1 (orl-1) receptor. Limits the analgesic effects produced by opioid receptor agonists: opioid receptors are metabotropic. Classification scheme: receptor effects at opioid receptors. Altering dopamine and gaba neurotransmission: dampen nt within pain pathways, are the most effective medications for treating pain, subjective effects of an opioid receptor agonist occur during four phases. Rush initial and rapid onset of euphoria. High feelings of joy and goodwill.
