BIO130H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Genome Size, Noncoding Dna, Cell Nucleus

• School: UTSG
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIO130H1
• Professor: Melody Neumann

Document Summary

We are able to sequence genomes of organisms more quickly than we could before but we need to be able to use it. Human genome not 100% fully sequenced -> some parts are difficult to sequence. 3 billion base pairs per genome (haploid genome) One maternal + one paternal genome = you. ~25,000 genes spread across 23 chromosomes: 22 autosomes, 1 pair of sex chromosomes. Bacteriophage virus that affects bacterial cells, has a small genome of about 10-50kb (1kb=1000 base pairs) Bacterial cell the bacteria has a circular chromosome, 4600kb long, plasmid dna are circular and are continuously replicating circles of dna and vary in size from 1kb-1000kb (found in wild bacteria) Chloroplast around 160kb -> not as big as you would have expected for a complex organelle -> some of this dna has migrated to the plant cell nucleus. Advances in automated sequencing have made possible the sequencing of many genomes. Prokaryotic genomes in hours, eukaryotic genomes in days.