HMB200H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Oxytocin Receptor, Prefrontal Cortex, Reinforcement
Document Summary
What is addiction: positive affect -- reward, negative affect -- need, compulsivity, withdrawal (psycholgoical, somatic aspects-- physical withdrawal, tolerance, cognitive aspects -- craving, anticipation, preoccupation, relapse, compulsivity, all the different types are extremely important in pre. Just looking at the whole addiction behaviour-- not helpful. Impulsivity --> compulsivity: behaviour is positivity reinforcing, behaviour is negatively reinforcing, liking --> wanting/needing, positive reinforcement, occasional, wanting-- need-- negative reinforcement, no longer like the substance, non-deprived -->. Deprived: non-deprived-- no withdrawal symptom, deprived --> withdrawal, need, state of lacking. Addiction cycle: binge/intoxication, withdrawal / negative effect, preoccupation/antiipation, different drugs affect different stages, cocaine-- easily addicted, because it actson the 3rd, latest stage, really quickly reinforces the addicted behaiviour. Increase rewarding value: cause pain alleviated by alcohol. Increases sensitization to the cues in the apparatus. Neurological systems: dopaminergic system, oxytocin, gaba in vta, gaba activation-- inhibits dopaminergic release, not a simple system.
