BIOL 2021 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Map Projection, Fibular Collateral Ligament, Posterior Cruciate Ligament
24 Aug 2016
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Document Summary
Rigid elements of the skeleton meet at joints or articulations. Articulations can be: bone to bone, bone to cartilage, teeth in bony sockets. Structure of joints: enables resistance to crushing, tearing and other forces. Functional classification of joints (based on movement): synarthroses immovable, common in axial skeleton, amphiarthroses slightly moveable, common in axial skeleton, diarthroses freely moveable, common in appendicular skeleton (all synovial joints) Junction is completely filled with short connective tissue fibers, allows for growth, eventually gets completely fused (adults) Bones of the skull: syndesmoses amphiarthrotic. Bones are connected by a ligament, amount of movement allowed depends on length of ligament fibers: gomphoses synarthrotic. Peg in socket fibrous joint, tooth in bony socket. A bar or plate of hyaline cartilage unites bones such as in epiphyseal plates: symphyses amphiarthrotic. Fibrocartilage unites bones to resist tension and compression. Hyaline cartilage present in the form of articular cartilage.
