BIOC 1303 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Methyl Acetate, Sodium Hydroxide, Micelle
28 Jun 2018
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Week Six: February 12 - 17, 2018
Introduction to Organic and Biological Chemistry for Health Sciences
Chapter 16 Carboxylic Acids and Esters
16.1 Carboxylic Acids
Learning Goals → Give the common names, IUPAC names, and condensed structural formulas of carboxylic acids
Carboxyl Group - Pg. 576
- Is a carbonyl group (C=O) attached to a hydroxyl group (OH)
- Is found on a carbon 1 in carboxylic acids.
- Is written in different ways:
Example:
O
||
CH3—C—OH CH3—COOH CH3—CO2H
Carboxylic Acids - Pg. 577
- Three-dimensional models show the geometry of atoms in carboxylic acid molecules.
Naming Carboxylic Acids - Pg. 577
→ The IUPAC names of carboxylic acids:
- Replace the “-e” in the alkane name with “-oic acid”.
Examples:
CH4 methane HCOOH methanoic acid
CH3CH3 ethane CH3COOH ethanoic acid
- Number substituents from the carboxyl carbon 1
Example:
CH3
|
CH3—CH—CH2—COOH
4 3 2 1
3-methylbutanoic acid
Common Names of Carboxylic Acids - Pg. 577
→ Common names of simple carboxylic acids:
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- formic acid (1C) - acetic acid (2C) Know these names!⇒
- propionic acid (3C) - butyric acid (4C)
Examples:
- H-COOH formic acid
- CH3—COOH acetic acid
- Locate the substituents by assigning α, β, γ to the carbon atoms adjacent to the carboxyl
carbon. Also know!⇒
Example:
CH3
γ β| α
CH3—CH—CH2—COOH
β-methylbutryic acid
Names and Sources of Some Carboxylic Acids - Pg. 577
- Know both the IUPAC and common names and the structures.⇒
Aromatic Carboxylic Acids - Pg. 577
→ Benzoic acid:
- Is the aromatic carboxylic acid.
- Locates substituents by assigning 1 to the carbon attached to the carboxyl group.
- Has common names that assign prefixes
-ortho, meta, and para for 2 substituents.
- ortho 1, 2 location
- meta 1, 3 location
- para 1, 4 location
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Introduction to organic and biological chemistry for health sciences. Learning goals give the common names, iupac names, and condensed structural formulas of carboxylic acids. Is a carbonyl group (c=o) attached to a hydroxyl group (oh) Is found on a carbon 1 in carboxylic acids. Three-dimensional models show the geometry of atoms in carboxylic acid molecules. Replace the -e in the alkane name with -oic acid . Number substituents from the carboxyl carbon 1. Common names of simple carboxylic acids: formic acid (1c) - acetic acid (2c) propionic acid (3c) - butyric acid (4c) Locate the substituents by assigning , , to the carbon atoms adjacent to the carboxyl carbon. Names and sources of some carboxylic acids - pg. Know both the iupac and common names and the structures. Locates substituents by assigning 1 to the carbon attached to the carboxyl group. Has common names that assign prefixes ortho, meta, and para for 2 substituents. ortho 1, 2 location.
