Biochemistry 2280A Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Pyrophosphate, Lac Repressor, Nucleosome

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Rna intermediary allows dna to be ampli ed. Dna is always 1 copy, but rna can exist as multiple copies. Rna is unstable, so we can turn a gene o by degrading the rna. But we cannot degrade dna it is unique to a cell. Rna is also subject to other higher levels or regulation. Points of gene regulation in eukaryotes: rate of transcription, rate of rna processing (processes into translatable mrna, rate of mrna transport out of nucleus, rate of mrna degradation, rate of translation initiation, protein processing, protein degradation. Calls for rna polymerase & other regulatory factors. Transcription termination is called by terminator sequence. Transcription factors (tf) are regulator proteins that regulate transcription. Rna polymerase (5 subunits) core enzyme itself can only synthesize, but cannot recognize promoter sequence (won"t express speci c genes, starts at wrong site). It will synthesize by entering through nicks or ends on backbones. Polymerase holoenzyme, containing a sigma subunit can transcribe from.

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