Biology 1002B Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Nuclear Membrane, Organelle, Chloroplast
11 Apr 2017
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Document Summary
Energy transducing organelles were once free living organisms (bacteria: stops dividing and becomes a component of another cell, mitochondria and bacteria. Only several lineages can engulf cyanobacteria: cyanobacteria oxygenic photosynthesis. No genes to make chloroplasts from scratch (only by division from pre-existing chloroplasts: electron transport chains. Only present in mitochondria and chloroplasts (once free living: have their only genomes, transcription/ translation machinery. Nucleus needs to take all control of mitochondria and chloroplast (so that they may behave as part of organelle instead of free living organism) Genes have moved location (not encoded by the same genome in the organelle relocated to nucleus: no change in protein, only location. Detection: dna hydridization (similar to northern blot) Labeled probe introduced, hydridizes if the sample has a copy of that particular gene. Occurred in species b (nothing from mtdna, only in ndna) Copy is made, sent to nucleus, parent copy is eliminated. In species c, dna still present in mitochondrial.
