Biology 1201A Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Cladistics, Cladogenesis, Phylocode
27 Mar 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Exploring population dynamics at equilibrium: mendelian pigs simulation. Conclusions about allele and phenotype frequency behavior for population at equilibrium, We describe allele, genotype and phenotype frequencies in populations using proportions. Proportion= # of items of interest/ # of items in total. For this field of true-breeding" pigs: f(brown pigs) =6 brown pigs/15 pigs total =0. 4 f(b allele) = 12 b alleles/30 alleles. Mosaic evolution: some characters evolve slowly, others evolve faster. Ancestral characters: old forms of traits: characters are only ancestral or derived in relation to whatever they"re being compared to. Derived characters: new forms of traits: most useful info about evolutionary relationships bc once its established it usually persists in all of the descendants. Principle of monophyly: identify monophyletic taxa (ancestor and all of its descendants) Assumption of parsimony: simplest phylogenetic hypothesis is most accurate. Traditional evolutionary systematics: places together groups of species sharing ancestral and derived characters. Cladistics: ignores morphological divergence, based solely on evolutionary relationships.
