Kinesiology 2236A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Anatomical Terms Of Motion, Periostitis, Flexor Digitorum Longus Muscle

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ambercattle178

17 Jan 2018

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Small spaces with structures running through them- bone, muscle, fascia. Anterior compartment: tib anteiror, extensor hallicus longus, extensor digitorum longs. Muscle begins to bleed and pressure increases. Traumatic/acute: secondary to direct trauma, may occur after, fracture, significant muscle injury, can be devastating t muscle if left untreated, acute overload compartment. Considered a medical emergency - go to hospital. Increases demand by blood pouring in increase volume demands in. Muscle swell and dumps fluid: not getting oxygen, swells. Compromise of capillary profusion: artery wall is muscle (strong), artery stays open, but capillaries and veins pour into muscle. Pain- aggravated by stretching the muscle group: cant put finger on it. Paresthesia- pins and needles in the cutaneous nerves. Paralysis- late finding, the compartment may feel very tense and firm. Pulse- very late finding, if you lose a pulse, rarely occurs and is not a reliable sign: so much pressure the arteries are squished down.

Related Questions

1. What in the configuration of the anteriorcompartment makes this region particularly liable to an increase inintracompartmentalpressure?

How would you test forinvolvement of the deep peroneal nerve, keeping in mind thatdorsiflexion of foot and toes may be severely interfered with byanoxia (lack of oxygen) of the muscles in the compartment, and thatloss of muscle action therefore does not necessarily imply nerveinvolvement?

What area of the skinwould you test for sensory loss?

The presence of arterialpulse in the anterior tibial and dorsalis pedis arteries seems toprove patency of the main stem, although, occasionally, awell-established collateral circulation in the lower part of theleg by means of branches from the arteries in the posteriorcompartment may simulate patency in a vessel blocked higherup.

What vessel in theposterior compartment would particularly contribute to suchcollateral circulation?

mauvemule132

This is lab practical questions for Anatomy&physiology I class.

1. If you flex your big toe, what muscle is named for that action?

2. Name a muscle that inserts on the metatarsals and cuneiforms.

3. The most superficial muscle in the gluteal group is the _______.

4. Name an action of the gluteal group.

5. Name the long muscle that originates on the anterior, superior iliac spine.

6. In anatomical position, the ulna is (medial/lateral) to the radius.

7. What part of the ilium does the sciatic nerve run through?

8. If a muscle originated on the posterior, inferior surface of the femur, and inserted on the posterior surface of the calcaneous bone, what kind of action might be produced? 9. Come up with a hypothetical origin and insertion of a muscle that would cause flexion at the hip

10. The fibulae contain the ______ malleoli, while the tibias contain the ______ malleoli.

jadeduck36

A 67-year-old retired male went to his doctor, complaining initially of leg pain that started in his lower back, which then radiated down across the side of his thigh and over the front of his knee. Subsequently, he developed pain that radiated from his back to his front at two different levels: at the chest through the level of his nipples and also at the umbilicus.

His physician performed a history and physical, followed by laboratory tests. He discovered a hard nodule on his prostate and an elevation in several of the blood tests. His PSA (prostate specific antigen), an enzyme secreted by normal prostate tissue (0-4 ng/ml) was 450. Alkaline phosphatase was also elevated at 157 U/L, an indication of bone involvement.

A bone scan was ordered to visualize the bone involvement. (This test uses a calcium analogue attached to a radioactive tag. A special scanner can pick up images of this radioactivity and create an anatomical picture of the skeletal system. The radiation shows up as black spots on the film.)

Usually prostate cancer's growth is initially influenced by the presence of testosterone. If testosterone is removed by castration, the cancer will often shrink for some period of time before the remaining fraction of testosterone-independent cancer cells grow.

This gentleman was not interested in castration and asked if there was another way to treat this. He was treated was a single shot of a drug which is slowly released into the body over a three month time period. Within that time the patient noticed marked relief in his pain.

1. What is the diagnosis of this gentleman?

2. Why would the scan show bone abnormalities?

3. Which endocrine organs are responsible for serum calcium levels?

4. Describe the feedback loop between the anterior pituitary and the production of testosterone in the testes.

5. Describe a mechanism by which a drug could act on the anterior pituitary to lower the testosterone level in the human body.

coppershark967

Kinesiology 2236A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Anatomical Terms Of Motion, Periostitis, Flexor Digitorum Longus Muscle

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