Law 2101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Lesser Included Offense, Youth Criminal Justice Act, Criminal Record
Document Summary
An act or omission considered to be a wrong against society. Involves moral wrongs reserved for the most serious harms in society. Terms civil cases brought by individuals smith v. jones. Criminal cases brought in the name of the state the queen against jones: r v. jones. Civil: burden of proof on balance of probabilities. Victim, complainant (cid:894)perso(cid:374) (cid:449)ro(cid:374)g (cid:449)ho does(cid:374)(cid:859)t ha(cid:448)e (cid:272)o(cid:374)trol(cid:895) Beyond a reasonable doubt (crown must prove: burden of proof is beyond a reasonable doubt. 91 and 92 of the constitution act, 1867: all statues have to be under federal law. Important point is all canadian crimes are statutory and have to be that way: not the case in england where some laws are uncodified, defenses can be common law. O(cid:373)e offe(cid:374)(cid:272)es (cid:272)a(cid:374) (cid:271)e (cid:858)cri(cid:373)i(cid:374)al(cid:863) i(cid:374) the pro(cid:448)i(cid:374)(cid:272)e i. e. speeding these are not criminal record offences. Age of the accused: under 12 not an offence, 12-17 youth criminal justice act, 18+ - criminal code.
