Microbiology and Immunology 2500A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Gram Staining, Gram-Positive Bacteria
30 Jun 2016
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Document Summary
Tb may have been evolving with humans for 7000 years (from egyptian records) M. avium: typically found in birds, and can be in humans but not usually, only in aids patients. 1/3 of the world"s total pop are infected with tb (~2 billion+ people) One in every 10 people infected with tb will develop active tb in their lifetime. Tb is contagious and spread through the air; if not treated, each person with active tb can infect on average 10-15 people a year. Tb is a leading killer among people living with hiv. Multidrug-resistant tb (mdr-tb) is a form of tb that does not respond to the standard treatments using first-line drugs; mdr-tb is present in all countries surveyed. Extensively drug-resistant tb (xdr-tb) now occurs when resistance to second-line drugs develop; very difficult to treat. 9 million new cases in 2013; 1. 5 million people died from tb in 2013 (2nd highest infectious agent mortality rate after hiv/aids)
