BI110 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Trypsin, Enzyme, Cystic Fibrosis
Document Summary
Most enzymes are active within the cell, ph of cellular components is about 7 (neutral: enzymes secreted from cell have a ph optimal farther from neutral. Digestive enzymes (low ph: changes in ph affect charged groups in the amino acids of enzymes enzyme. Activity & ph: typical cell has a ph of 7, pepsin (digestive enzyme) has a ph of 2, trypsin (degraded proteins) has a ph of 8-9. High temperature effects proteins including enzymes by denaturing them and reducing rate of reactions. Mutations in ctr gene (encodes chloride pump) causes cystic fibrosis importance of. Selectively permeable membranes: cells and organelles need barrier to separate internal and external contents, barrier must be: Impermeable to most molecules/ions exchange ions/molecules between contents insoluble in water. Permeable to water (does need to be separated) Functions of membranes: not just barriers, boundary barriers, organization of cells, transport processes, nutrients into cells, detecting signals (molecules, temp, communication between cells.
