| | The enzymes cause DNA looping to occur QUESTION 10 If you can drink milk as an adult, it means that you have inherited a mutation in the an enhancer for your lactase gene (the gene that encodes the enzyme you need to break down lactose). Predict the effect of this mutation: | | The mutation changes the number of domains in the enzyme, which makes it work more efficiently | | | The mutation changes the amino acid sequence of the lactase protein | | | The mutation increases the number of copies of the lactase gene that will be found in your genome | | | The mutation changes whether the lactase sequence is found in an intron or exon | | | The mutation affects the expression of the lactase gene QUESTION 12 What determines where in the genome a transcription regulator will bind? | | Transcription regulators bind to the 5' UTR region of a gene | | | Regulators bind via complementary base-pairing to certain DNA molecules | | | Covalent bonds form between the transcription regulator and the atoms of the DNA backbone | | | Every eukaryotic gene has a different transcription regulator that will bind to the 5' end of the gene | | | Transcription regulators bind to specific DNA sequences via multiple weak non-covalent interactions QUESTION 15 What is the histone code used for? | | Phosphorylation and acetylation of DNA affect its ability to be compacted | | | Changes to the sequence of DNA change whether DNA will wrap around histone proteins | | | Covalent modifications of histones affect the ability of the transcription initiation complex to form | | | Histones provide the codon sequences needed for translation to occur | | | The histone code affects which amino acids will get added to a polypeptide | | | |