PS271 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Psychopathology, Discriminant Validity, Abraham Maslow
Document Summary
Scientific methods are used to test personality theories. Importance of data + statistics to test theories: superiority over conclusions from astrology, palm-reading etc. Induction -> observations + evidence -> theory: published research generally presents an inductive approach, dedu(cid:272)ti(cid:448)e reaso(cid:374)i(cid:374)g de(cid:448)elop la(cid:449)s + pri(cid:374)(cid:272)iples, + use these to e(cid:454)plai(cid:374) (cid:271)eha(cid:448)iour of individuals. Early actors (greek + roman) wore masks to indicate that they were playing a role. Ideas from eastern philosophies + religions are addressed in humanistic approaches. Adaptive characteristics are passed along (survival, procreation: ppl are subject to laws of nature, animal personality_ Dogs can rate 4/5 on personality traits (not so much conscientiousness) Every person is unique traits, w/some having a cardinal trait: kurt lewin. Situations + forces that affect ppl change: henry murray. Integrated study of personality + clinical work, developed the tat. 2 (cid:862)(cid:374)o su(cid:272)h thi(cid:374)g as perso(cid:374)alit(cid:455)(cid:863: margaret mead. Anthropologist who highlighted the importance of culture in personality.
