ENVS 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Local Area Network, Virtual Circuit, Internet Protocol Suite
10 May 2018
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ENVS 1000 Lecture 16 Notes – Technology Protocol
Introduction
• Some network protocols use virtual circuit technology as the basis for packet flow.
• ATM (asynchronous transfer method, not the bank machine!) is one example.
• ATM uses very small packets (53 bytes) and careful path selection to control traffic.
• The fact that packets always arrive in correct order makes ATM effective for streaming
data, such as video.
• The use of extremely small packets minimizes time delay through the ATM network,
assuring that video will traverse the network in a timely and consistent fashion.
• Ordinary packet switching, usually called datagram switching, assumes that each packet
is routed from node to node independently, based on such criteria as the shortest path
to the paket’s destiatio ad traffi oditios.
• At eah iterediate ode, the et lik is deteried the ode’s swith or router at
the time the packet arrives.
• TCP/IP uses datagram switching exclusively for all of its routing decisions.
• Now consider the most common network scenario, illustrated
• The makeup of the cloud is viewed as a large network of networks.
• In this scenario, each end node is linked to an intermediate node that is part of a
network, most commonly a local area network.
• We will describe the details about local area networks later
• The intermediate links connect nodes belonging to various networks together.
• A component at each intermediate node routes the packet to the next appropriate
node.
• It also converts the data format of the packet to the format required for the next link, if
necessary.
• The opoet a e a oputer prograed to do routig, ut it’s ore likel to e
a router or a gateway.
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