GEOG 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Civil Rights Act Of 1964, First Nations, Visible Minority
6 May 2018
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Department
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Professor
GEOG 1000 - Lecture 05 October 2, 2017
Multiculturalism
● Canada
○ Public, state actively promotes pluralism
○ Relevant Legislation: Multiculturalism Act, 1971. Minorities retain cultural
identities, within Canadian law. Lots of festivals; promote interaction among
groups.
○ Charter of rights and freedoms, 1982
○ Employment Equity, 1986. A law in which you cannot discriminate among
recruitment, promotion based on race, gender
○ More than three quarters of Canada believes in welcoming newcomers,
nowhere else in the world able to build a sense of belonging.
○ Freeze identities. Versions of culture that no longer exist. The state holds onto
the identity of people in a point and time and doesn’t allow them to evolve.
○ Persistent racial and ethnic inequalities. 10% wage gap between visible
minorities and visibly white.
● USA
○ Private maintenance of minority cultures and language,
○ Government is passive.
○ Legal recognition of rights:
■ Emancipation Act 1863
■ Civil Rights Act 1964
■ Affirmation action, 1961: All Americans will be treated the same in the
labour market.
○ Your chances of dying as young African American between the ages of 18
and 25 are much higher than that of whites. Levels of inequality are so high
you are limited in your ability to walk down the street or have a fair trial.
Post 9/11
● Since 9/11 US and Canada have radically changed their border security.
○ Push out the Border to further countries
■ Visa, document, and information requirements
○ Internalize the border
■ Enforcement, raids at jobs, schools, shopping centers
■ Surveillance, police check status
■ Raids lead to subsequent deportation
■ Border guards do not have to provide a reason for refusal
○ Both states are in favor of sharing information
● Muslim-Canadians
○ Rendition/Torture - Maher Arar
○ Anti-Terrorism Act targeting Muslims
○ Hate Crimes
○ Public debates about religion; a climate of suspicion toward Muslims. “I can’t
trust my neighbours they might report me.” Social connections damaged due
to prejudice
Document Summary
A law in which you cannot discriminate among recruitment, promotion based on race, gender. More than three quarters of canada believes in welcoming newcomers, nowhere else in the world able to build a sense of belonging. The state holds onto the identity of people in a point and time and doesn"t allow them to evolve. 10% wage gap between visible minorities and visibly white. Private maintenance of minority cultures and language, Affirmation action, 1961: all americans will be treated the same in the labour market. Your chances of dying as young african american between the ages of 18 and 25 are much higher than that of whites. Levels of inequality are so high you are limited in your ability to walk down the street or have a fair trial. Since 9/11 us and canada have radically changed their border security. Push out the border to further countries. Enforcement, raids at jobs, schools, shopping centers.
