HREQ 1800 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Achievement Orientation

• School: York University
• Department: Human Rights and Equity Studies
• Course: HREQ 1800
• Professor: ramsarran

Document Summary

Walter reckless proffers yet another version of control theory- containment theory. In general, containment theory claims that society produces a series of pushes and pulls towards deviance which are in turn counteracted by internal and external containments that help insulate the individual from criminality. Reckless asks how is it possible for a youth living in high crime, poverty area, to resist deviance. Reckless hypothesizes that external and internal pressures lead to deviance. External pressures include adverse living conditions that influence deviant behaviour such as relative deprivation, poverty, unemployment, minority status, limited opportunities, inequality, family conflicts, and limited access to opportunity structures. External pulls consist of deviant companions, membership in deviant subcultural and such influences as the mass media and pornography. The internal pressures that affect behaviour involve such personal factors as restlessness, discontent, hostility, rebellion, mental conflict, anxieties and the need for immediate gratification.