HUMA 1770 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Manorialism, Bushido, Kami
22 Feb 2019
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Geography: four main, mountainous and volcanic islands, two climates: subarctic and temperate, demographic homogeneity ? little interaction with or assimilation of other cultures. Political structures: oligarchy & divine monarchy, seventeen point constitution (604 ce), shogunate: shogun; bakufu; ceremonial role of the emperor; samurai (bushi); bushido; shoen. Religion: the shinto: animism (kami) + worship of great deities, buddhism: pure land, nichiren, zen. Arts: intense cultivation of beauty: gardening; literature (prose & poetry); architecture; sculpture; painting; calligraphy; dance and music; the tea ceremony. European middle ages: charlemagne (r. 768 814); unifier of western and central europe, political structures: 2. royal court (treasurer, chaplains, the queen, ceremonial officers); 3. local government: counts (administrative, judicial, and military functions) controlled by inspectors; 5. vassals: loyalty to the king/local lord; military protection; advice; financial assistance. The lower classes: manorial system: free peasants and serfs, gradual improvement of peasants" living conditions and legal status; communitarian spirit & cooperation;
