KINE 2031 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Blood Sugar, Hypoglycemia, Glycogenesis
2 Jul 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Endocrine Control of Fuel Metabolism
Fuel Metabolism
-Metabolism includes reaction involving synthesis & degradation of proteins,
carbohydrates & fates
-Macromolecules are brown down to smaller parts:
oProteins amino acids
oCarbohydrates monosaccharides (mainly glucose)
oTriglycerides (dietary fats) monoglycerides & fatty acids
Anabolism & Catabolism
-Anabolism: buildup or synthesis of macromolecules. Require energy as ATP
oManufacture molecules needed by cells
oStorage of excess ingested nutrients not needed immediately
-Catabolism: breakdown or degradation of macromolecules (large energy rich)
oHydrolysis of larger molecules into subunits
oOxidation of smaller subunits like glucose to yield ATP
Nutrients Storage
-Excess energy must be absorbed during meals & stored for use
-Excess circulating glucose is stored in liver & muscles as glycogen
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Document Summary
Metabolism includes reaction involving synthesis & degradation of proteins, carbohydrates & fates. Macromolecules are brown down to smaller parts: proteins amino acids, carbohydrates monosaccharides (mainly glucose, triglycerides (dietary fats) monoglycerides & fatty acids. Require energy as atp: manufacture molecules needed by cells, storage of excess ingested nutrients not needed immediately. Catabolism: breakdown or degradation of macromolecules (large energy rich: hydrolysis of larger molecules into subunits, oxidation of smaller subunits like glucose to yield atp. Excess energy must be absorbed during meals & stored for use. Excess circulating glucose is stored in liver & muscles as glycogen. Excess circulating fatty acids from dietary intake becomes incorporated into triglycerides. Excess circulating amino acids not need for protein synthesis during exercise are converted to glucose & fatty acids & stored as triglycerides. Major site of energy storage for excess nutrients of all three classes is adipose tissues. During prolonged fasting, fatty acids released from triglycerides catabolism serve as primary source of energy.
