NATS 1750 Lecture 2: What is Earth made of Chapter 2.docx

• School: York University
• Department: Natural Science
• Course: NATS 1750
• Professor: Mary- Helen Armour

Document Summary

Any naturally occurring inorganic solid that possesses an orderly crystalline structure and can be represented by a chemical formula". Rocks: an aggregate of minerals but can be other things like limestone, coal or volcanic glass, mix of two or more minerals. How atoms stick together: minerals are mostly compounds-different elements that bond, compounds are two or more atoms, thousands of different minerals and few that are common. Ionic bonds: electron transfer-element has much stronger affinity, electrons transferred, positive and negative attract, very strong bonds, materials are often very hard, high melt temperatures and crystal strucuture, start with two atoms, nice and organized geometric shape. Covalent bonds: electron sharing-affinity for electrons more similar between elements, electrons are shared, more organic chemicals have this type of bonding, water is a covalent molecule/bond. Metallic bonds: electrons are loosely bound and move freely from atom to atom, results in highly conductive and ease with which metals bend and other properties.