8.9 know: who kalif Ali is and how Ali gives advice to Malik aushter.
11.5 what kind of advice, social classes in Egypt, and way he should govern
11.8 what Mongol khans think about pope, particularly power of pope
13.1 and what type of relationship he thinks pope should have with
mogul khans
13.4 where humanity sits in great chain of being and how consciousness
of thought influences that.
13.6 martin Luther and thoughts on pope. What guys call selves
13.8 Society of Jesus and who decided in constitution would be only
person they’d take orders from and why in guide book were concerned
with becoming pure or piased Christians
THE RISE OF ISLAM
I. Surrender and submit to Allah
a. The prophet and his world
i. Arab world herders, merchants, cities, tribes
ii. Mecca first center of Muhammad’s world
iii. 622 Muhammad and followers flee to medina
iv. 630 return to mecca
v. The Quran and the five pillars
1. One god Allah
a. Muhammad is prophet
2. Face mecca and pray several times a day (three then grows
to five times a day)
3. Fasting Ramadan
4. Give to poor
5. The haj pilgrimage to mecca
b. After the prophet
i. 632 Muhammad dies
ii. Who will be caliph?
iii. Umayyad and Abbasid empires
1. Any religious practice as long as no rebellions and paid
taxes.
iv. Sunni v. Shia Muslims
v. Dar alIslam and the Dar alHarb
vi. The Dhimmis
c. Converts, trade, culture
i. Trade major factor in expansion of Islam
ii. Umayyad and Abbasid empires another anchor for eastwest trade
iii. Moorish Iberiathe alAndalus
iv. West and east Africa
v. The story of Mansa Musa
II. Conclusion
a. Arab contact with nonArabs and multirole religions created context for
birth of Islam
b. Muhammad seen as one in a long line of prophets
c. War and peace shape Islam after the death of Muhammad d. Trade important in the expansion of Islam throughout Europe, Africa, and
Asia
e. Islam plays enormous role in connecting African states and cultures to the
broader trading zone of Eurasia
EMPIRE ON HORSEBACK
I. Empire and its consequences
a. The pax mongolica
i. 1206 the building of empire begins
ii. trade flourishes under Mongolian rule
iii. the great khan and disputes over rule
iv. late 1200s creation of the khanates
v. the golden horde and the Yuan
b. Tartars and Muscovy
i. The rus princes and the rota system
ii. The golden horde and Islam
iii. Muthovy eventually becomes home of grand prince
iv. 15thcentury the third Rome and orthodoxy
v. 16 century Ivan IV and primogeniture
c. The Yuan
i. 1270s Mongols establish the Yuan dynasty in china
ii. Kublai khan considered first emperor
iii. Cothucian tradition withers
iv. 14 century inflation and the bubonic plague
v. 1368 the Ming dynasty
II. Conclusion
a. Mongols were more than “barbarians”
b. The empire and the khanates create the pax mongolica
c. Establishment of the largest empire in human history has enormous
impact on a divers array of cultures
d. Muscovy and the Russian empire greatly shaped by contact with
Mongols
e. The Yuan the first dynasty of
EUROPE, C. 10001492
I. People, religion, and government
a. Christendom
i. Roman Catholicism glue for European culture
ii. The papacy and bishops
iii. Emergence of cardinals
iv. Saints, purgatory, and the sacraments
v. The monastic ideal v. Tarnished papacy
b. Society and government
i. Nobility origins rest in military tradition
ii. 1001350s serfdom predominates
iii. Political map looks very different
iv. The monarchial state
v. The holy roman empire and the Hapsburgs II. Crises of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries
a. Disease and war
i. The black death
ii. Plague enters via trade routes
iii. Onethird of population reduced
iv. 13371453 – the hundred years war
v. The long bow, Agincourt, and Joan of arc
b. The Reconquista and inquisition
i. Muslims and Jews in Europe for centuries
ii. 1469 Isabella (castile) and Ferdinand (Aragon) wed
iii. 1492 the Reconquista completed
iv. 1480 Spanish inquisition brutal
v. Spain a confessional state
The Renaissance
I. To Greece and Rome for the future
a. Back to the classics
i. Humanism and classical learning
ii. Rhetoric, language, oration
iii. Petrarch early father of humanism in 14 century
iv. Reconcile Christian and GrecoRoman learning
b. Civic humanism
i. Conthict between city states
ii. 15 cent. Humanists long look for stability
iii. Cicero, Plato, Julius Caesar
iv. Niccolò Machiavelli the civic humanist
c. Christian humanism
i. Humanism still concerned with religion
ii. Turn language skills on religious texts
iii. The “donation of Constantine”
iv. Erasmus reform and rhetoric
THE REFORMATION
I. Schism within Christendom
a. The rise of Protestantism
i. 1520s Luther and sola scriptura
ii. Charles V and crisis in holy roman empire
iii. 1530s the emergence of Calvinism
iv. And alternative Anabaptism
b. The catholic response
i. Erasmus’ criticism basically acknowledged
ii. 1545 council of Trent called
iii. Reform in response to Protestantism
iv. 1534 Ignatius Loyola and the society of Jesus
v. Jesuits: special forces: of counterreformation
c. The consequences of reformation
i. The rise of the confessional state
ii. All faiths acquire martyrs iii. Religious war
iv. Toleration the peace of Westphalia (1648)
II. Conclusion
a. Medieval Europe defined by the concept Christendom and the interplay
between secular ath religthus power
b. Crises of the 14 and 15 centuries highlight the comparative hardship that
exists in western Europe
c. Ital. creates conditions for the renaissance and the emergence of humanism
d. Humanism shapes the reformation in Europe
e. Early modern period born with rise of monarchial/confessional states in
Europe
NEW ISLAMIC EMPIRES
I. The Ottomans
a. Islamic empire ottoman style
i. Byzantine empire weak by 15 century
ii. Osman and the abode of Islam
iii. Gunpowder weapons
iv. Degree of religious toleration
v. Persecution, devsirme and the janissaries
1. Devsirme children taken
2. Janissaries soldier. Personal ones of sultan
b. Sultan süleyman vs. Hapsburgs
i. Sultan süleyman the lawgiver/magnificent (15201566)
ii. Claim to have restored the caliphate of Islam
iii. The Hapsburgs and the siege of Vienna (1529)
iv. Charles V and Ferdinand I
v. Fight over Hungary and the Balkans
II. The Mughals
a. Running and empire in India
i. Akbar the great (15561605)
ii. Akbar greatly expands empire
iii. Muslims vs. Hindus
iv. Shah Jahan does not compromise on religion
b. Religion in India
i. Mughal period sees the rise of mysticism
ii. Sufi Muslims
iii. The bhakti devotional movement
iv. Blurring between religions begins
v. Guru nanak and the Sikhs
I. Asia
a. The Ming and zheg he
i. The Ming dynasty and the yongle emperor
ii. 14051433 seven massive expeditions
iii. zheng he Muslim eunuch
iv. 1424 yongle emperor dies
v. zheng he is outsider among Confucian elite b. Mamluks and Guajarati
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