CHEM 1A Lecture Notes - Lecture 26: Standard Molar Entropy, Intermolecular Force, Boiling Point
Document Summary
It is a common observaion that systems evolve in the direcion of increasing disorder, higher level of dispersion, or more generally, towards states of higher staisical probability. Entropy is a state funcion that quaniies this general tendency. A system in its ordered (perfectly crystalline) state at 0 k has zero entropy. By gradually raising the temperature of the system, the entropy increases. When we carefully consider various chemical and physical processes, we realize that, invariably, the overall entropy change of the system and of its surroundings is posiive. We can generalize this by staing that all processes proceed in a direcion resuling in an increase in the entropy of the universe (system plus surroundings). Processes that do not increase the entropy of the universe are not allowed unless they are coupled to those that do so and that the net change in the entropy of the universe is posiive.
