CLASSIC 10A Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Gerousia, Politeia, Amorgos
Document Summary
The rise of the polis (8th c. bc) Polis=city state (vs. oikos based homeric/dark age society and vs. minoan and mycenaean palace cultures with large political units) Polis is run by a hereditary aristocracy (vs. homeric kingship, mycenaean kings) Legal codes established, e. g. athens: draco, solon: sparta: lycurgus. Trade brings money to the traditionally subordinate classes tensions between landed aristocracy and property owning class. 7th c. bc: revolutions lead to establishment of tyrants: corinth: cyrpus. 657 bc cypselus deposes bacchiadae (aristocratic clan) Hoplites (heavy armed, standard equipment) vs. homeric warfare (aristocratic champion and his entourage) relies on group (polis), formation (phalanx) Sparta: lycurgus (early 7th c. bc) law code, military training/education, homoioi=equals, exploitation of helots, perioikoi=neighbors, constitution: citizen assembly, gerousia (old men"s council, senate), ephors (magistrates, politeia of the spartans (xenophon) Principle: noble death better than living with dishonor. Athenian constitution: ion and theseus: mythical kings of athens, draco: trad. Right to appeal to jury courts (dikasteria: peisistratos:
