NUSCTX 10 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Pancreatic Islets, Autoimmune Disease, Frequent Urination

• School: Berkeley
• Department: Nutritional Sciences And Toxicology
• Course: NUSCTX 10
• Professor: Aponte Greg

Document Summary

Liver can store 100g glycogen (400kcal) - used to maintain blood glucose. Muscles store 350g (1400kcal) -- meets muscle needs. Carbohydrates are needed to break down fat to carbon dioxide and water. Exocrine and endocrine pancreas and starch breakdown. Immediately after a meal the blood glucose level increases. Insulin is released, stimulating the uptake and storage of glucose. ---> several hours after a meal, the blood glucose level drops. Glucagon is released from the pancreas, stimulating glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis. Blood glucose after a meal (~2hrs) is much higher is you have diabetes. Diabetes - inability to regulate blood glucose levels. Autoimmune disease affecting beta cells of pancreas. Resistance of decrease in response to insulin. Diet, exercise, oral meds can help control. Decrease in hdl and/or increase in tg. Reactive hypoglycemia : pancreas secretes too much insulin after a high-carbohydrate meal. A food"s response to raise blood glucose levels. Increase glycemic index (gi) increase in blood glucose levels.