NUSCTX 10 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Essential Amino Acid, Messenger Rna, Transfer Rna
26 Feb 2015
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Document Summary
Proteins: structure of protein, contains hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen (lipids and carbohydrates do not contain nitrogen, comprised of amino acids (20 different kinds) Body can produce: essential (indispensible) amino acids. Generally more complex than nonessential amino acids. Even when eating a diet rich in protein generally, failure to get enough of a particularly amino acid can halt synthesis of certain proteins: conditionally essential amino acids. Complete proteins: adequate amounts of all the essential amino acids, animal proteins, except gelatin, are generally complete proteins. Incomplete proteins: inadequate amounts of 1 or more of the essential amino acids, plant proteins, except soybeans, are generally incomplete. Complementary proteins: combining plant proteins to compensate for limiting amino acids. Synthesis of proteins: amino acids are linked by peptide bonds to form proteins. September 25, 2014: synthesis of protein determined through gene expression, dna transcription phase, mrna translation phase. Dna code transferred from the nucleus to the cytosol via messenger rna (mrna)
