NUSCTX 103 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Acetyl-Coa, Citric Acid Cycle, Pyruvic Acid
3 Dec 2020
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Lecture #17: sources of 2 nitrogen atoms for urea are ammonia and aspartate. When there"s lots of citrate (glucose pyruvate, acetyl coa tca cycle, citrate comes out of mitochondria and regenerates oaa and acetyl coa) Amino acid degradation occurs via 7 key intermediates: acetoacetyl coa, acetyl coa, ketogenic, can be metabolized to kbs and energy, pyruvate, a-ketoglutarate, succinyl coa, fumarate, oxaloacetate, glucogenic, can be metabolized to glc, glycogen, ketone bodies, energy, lipids. Vi. synthesis of palmitate from acetyl coa: malonyl coa elongates acetyl-acp to produce palmitoyl-acp and it inhibits cpt1 which keeps fas in the cytosol. To make one palmitate molecule, 7 cycles of the fore-described pathway are required: thioesterase at the end. De novo palmitate synthesis: substrates, 1 acetyl coa, 7 malonyl coa, 14 nadph, 14 h, products, 1 palmitate, 7 co2, 14 nadp, 7 h2o. Increased by insulin/glucose: decreased by glucagon/epinephrine, citrate acetyl coa + oa fas.
