CH111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Boiling Point, Hydrogen Peroxide

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olivedeer219

25 Dec 2018

School

Benjamin Franklin Institute of Technology

Department

Chemistry

Course

CH111

Professor

Hughes

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The study of matter, which is anything that has mass and takes up space. Matter that has a uniform and unchanging composition. The characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the sample"s composition, such as density, color, odor, taste, hardness, melting point, and boiling point. Extensive properties dependent on the amount of substance present, such as mass, length and volume. Intensive properties independent of the amount of substance present, such as density because it is the constant for a given material no matter how much of that substance is present. The ability of a substance to combine with or change into one or more substance. In fact, some properties of a substance aren"t obvious unless it changed its composition as a result of it"s contact with another substance or through the application of thermal and electrical energy. Observations of properties vary depending on conditions of the environment. Be sure to state environmental conditions, because both phys.

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Chemical Reactions and Equations Learning objectives To observe physical and chemical properties associated with chemical changes To be able to give evidence for the occurrence of a chemical reaction To write a balanced chemical equation To identify areaction as a combination, decomposition, precipitation, single or double replacement, or combustion reaction ntroduction When a substance undergoes a physical change, it changes its appearance but not its composition. For example, when ice melts to form water, it undergoes a physical change from solid to liquid. In a chemical change, the composition of a substance is changed to give a new substance with different physical and chemical properties. For example, when silver tarnishes, the shiny silver (Ag) changes to a dull gray silver sulfide (AgaS). Not only has the chemical formula changed from Ag to Agus, but also the physical properties (shininess) of the substance have changed. Some examples of physical and chemical changes are listed in Table 1 below. Table 1. Comparison of Physical and Chemical Changes Examples of Physical changes Examples and Evidence of Chemical Changes Change in state (melting, freezing, evaporating Formation of a gas (bubbles) subliming) Formation of a solid (precipitate) Change in size Tearing Change in Color Heat is given off or absorbed A solid dissolving in a solvent In a chemical reaction, atoms in the reactants are rearranged to produce new combinations of atoms in the products. However, the total number of atoms of each element in the reactants is equal to the total number of atoms in the products. This is true according to the Law of Conservation of Mass, which states that the total mass remains constant during a chemical reaction. In other words, matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. In a chemical equation, the reactants are shown on the left and the products are on the right. An arrow in between indicates that a chemical reaction occurs. Finally, the physical state of each compound is designated in parentheses after the chemical formula. Solid, liquid, gas, and aqueous (dissolved in water) are shown as(s,(n,(g), and (aq), respectively.

1. Classify each as intensive or extensive and as chemical or physical.
(a) Mercury is a silvery liquid
(b) A ball is a spherical object.
(c) Sodium and Chlorine react to form a table salt.
(d) A sample of water has a mass of 28g
(e) The density of aluminum is 2.7g/cm^3

2. Helium has the lowest boiling point of any substance; it boils at 4.21K. Express the temperature in Celsius and Fahrenheit.

CH111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Boiling Point, Hydrogen Peroxide

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