ECON 160 Lecture Notes - Lecture 25: Comparative Advantage, Opportunity Cost, Zygosity

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indigoraven449

17 Nov 2016

School

Binghamton University

Department

Economics

Course

ECON 160

Professor

Susan W.Hanes

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Document Summary

This country does not have a comparative advantage in this good. Homogenous good with many buyers and many sellers because demand and supply diagram. It is a small country which cannot afford the world price. This is a homogenous good with many buyers and sellers. Domestic consumer favor trade because price has fallen. Workers in the imported goods industry with industry specific skills. Country has a comparative advantage in the good. When firms are embedded on supply curve the show opportunity cost of that firm which is private knowledge to the firm. World market upward slope supply, downward slope demand. Supply curve is an upward slope because firms are able to make profit as price increases because opportunity cost increases. If we have free trade we will never see q0, only see world. Big countries are very small in world market. Wdemand is low cost producer (produce good at lower cost than other countries.

Related Questions

Suppose the market for oranges in a small country is closed to international trade. The domestic price is $3 per lb, at which 10,000 lbs are bought and sold in the country, while the world price is $4 per lb. If the country opens up to free trade with the world, the domestic quantity demanded at the world price will be 8,000 lbs, and the domestic quantity supplied at the world price will be 12,000 lbs.

A. Which of the following statements is true?

a. The country will become an importer of oranges because it has a comparative advantage in the production of oranges

b. The country will become an exporter of oranges because it has a comparative advantage in the production of oranges

c. The country will become an importer of oranges because the world has a comparative advantage in the production of oranges

d. The country will become an exporter of oranges because the world has a comparative advantage in the production of oranges

B. At what price (per lb.) will oranges be bought and sold in the country after opening up to trade?

a. $3

b. $4

c. $3.5

C. After opening up to trade, the level of exports/imports for the country will be:

a. 8,000 lbs.

b. 12,000 lbs.

c. 10,000 lbs.

d. 4,000 lbs.

D. How much (in $) is the net gain from trade for this country in opening up to free trade?

coralbadger702

what you think for this ? do you agree or disagree and why ?

I donât think itâs wise for nations to begin raising tariffs and increasing subsidies when we are faced with a global recession. If a smaller country raises tariffs on a good they are importing, it might not have that big effect on the global economy. However, if a country like China, Japan, United States etc. decide to raise tariffs on imports, it could lead to a global increase in the average tariffs. In the article âBarriers to entry: A rise in protectionism would worsen the already grim outlook for world trade,â it talks about the worldwide average for tariffs. In 1986 they average 26%. If the big economies of the world start increasing tariffs, the rest of the world will eventually follow, leading to a global increase on tariffs. A rise in the tariffs would slow down the global economy even more in the long run. In the article it mentions how trade has picked up immensely when tariffs are lower, and the world GDP was higher compared to when tariffs are increased because countries are more willing to trade. I think theyâre still benefits to be gained from trade even when a global recession may be taking place. If tariffs are increased, countries might try to specialize in goods where they donât have a comparative advantage in. Instead of trading for that good, they will try to produce it domestically. The opportunity cost of choosing to specialize in a good when they donât have comparative advantage is using those resources elsewhere. Perhaps for producing a good they do have comparative advantage in. Also a decline in trade because of rising tariffs means firms wouldnât be able to benefit from economies of scale.

1. We can conclude that international trade is beneficial because, regardless of whether the country imports or exports a good, the overall increase in well-being outweighs the losses associated with trade.

Is the statement true or false?

2. Owners of firms in young industries should be willing to incur temporary losses if they believe that those firms will be profitable in the long run. This observation helps to explain why many economists are skeptical about the:

a. Unfair-competition argument.

b. Infant-industry argument.

c. national-security argument.

d. Jobs argument

3. Suppose that the U.S. has a comparative advantage in the production of spreadsheet software. As a result of opening up the market to international trade:

a. U.S. citizens benefit from lower software prices, increasing consumer surplus in the market.

b. U.S. producers benefit from higher software prices, increasing producer surplus in the market.

c. U.S. software producers are harmed since the price that these producers receive will decline as the price falls to the world price.

d. total surplus in this market will remain unchanged, as the decline in benefits received by software producers exactly balances the increase in benefits received by US software consumers.

blushzebra257

ECON 160 Lecture Notes - Lecture 25: Comparative Advantage, Opportunity Cost, Zygosity

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