HIST 284E Lecture Notes - Lecture 45: Dara Shikoh, Babur, Mughal Empire
10 May 2018
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Week 3 Lecture 3 – 9.19.2012
Babur – descended from Timur and Genghis Khan.
Babdi majid- built on the spot where Ram was born.
Akbar established Mughal empire. Gujuruat, Bengal, Kabul, Kashmir, Orissa, Baluchistan.
Aurangzeb – Mughal empire reached greatest territorial extent.
Akar “tate as uilt o alliae ith ay ‘ajput Hidus. Was it a despoti epire. Warre Hastigs
had a positie assesset to Idia ays. Mughal epires ostitutio should hae ee Idias
constitution. Emperor wanted highest sovereignty and was willing to recognize other kings as lower
sovereigns.
Raja Mansingh led expedition to Bengal. Highest mansabdars (mansab=rank) were Rajput Hindus.
Akhar aolished jizya – tax on non-Muslims
Jahangir standing on a Globe shooting poverty.
Intermingling of cultural festivals in Mughal court.
Dara “hikoh his adisors ere represetig differet religious ouities, folloig Akars traditio
defeated by younger brother Aurangzeb.
Aurangzeb implemented back the jinya 20 years into his reign. To fund his expensive military
campaigns?
Many of the uprisings against Aurangzeb, were Hindu reaction? Tribal groups rose up in rebellion,
because he imposed tax on them the first time (interfering in their affairs).
Did India in 18th century undergo decline? Or was it a political decentralization?
3 aspects of Mughal empire:
- Imperial aspects; wanted to get Rajputs under command.
- Seeking unity and harmony within the empire. Akbar -> Indian view of secularism – being
equidistant of religions, not banning outright.
- Great respect for reasoning, especially that which Akbar emphasized.
Akbar was illiterate, never had proper schooling, always moving around.
Akbar frees slaves – academic approach that no man should enslave another.
All-India calendar Taik illahi. Changed from lunar calendar to solar calendar, which better suited
agricultural India. 354 days – lunar calendar falls behind 11 days of solar.
Ashoka changed his religion to Buddhist from Hinduism on grounds of reasoning.
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Document Summary
Babur descended from timur and genghis khan. Babdi majid- built on the spot where ram was born. Aurangzeb mughal empire reached greatest territorial extent. Ak(cid:271)ar tate (cid:449)as (cid:271)uilt o(cid:374) allia(cid:374)(cid:272)e (cid:449)ith (cid:373)a(cid:374)y ajput hi(cid:374)dus. Warre(cid:374) hasti(cid:374)gs had a positi(cid:448)e assess(cid:373)e(cid:374)t to i(cid:374)dia(cid:374) (cid:449)ays. Mughal e(cid:373)pire(cid:859)s (cid:272)o(cid:374)stitutio(cid:374) should ha(cid:448)e (cid:271)ee(cid:374) i(cid:374)dia(cid:859)s constitution. Emperor wanted highest sovereignty and was willing to recognize other kings as lower sovereigns. Dara hikoh (cid:894)his ad(cid:448)isors (cid:449)ere represe(cid:374)ti(cid:374)g differe(cid:374)t religious (cid:272)o(cid:373)(cid:373)u(cid:374)ities, follo(cid:449)i(cid:374)g ak(cid:271)ar(cid:859)s traditio(cid:374)(cid:895) defeated by younger brother aurangzeb. Aurangzeb implemented back the jinya 20 years into his reign. Tribal groups rose up in rebellion, because he imposed tax on them the first time (interfering in their affairs). Imperial aspects; wanted to get rajputs under command. Akbar -> indian view of secularism being equidistant of religions, not banning outright. Great respect for reasoning, especially that which akbar emphasized. Akbar was illiterate, never had proper schooling, always moving around.
