PSYC 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Paraphilia, Ostracism, Erectile Dysfunction

• School: Binghamton University
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSYC 111
• Professor: Lanora Duell

Document Summary

Motivation: a need or desire that energizes behavior & directs it toward a goal. U(cid:374)der dar(cid:449)i(cid:374)"s i(cid:374)flue(cid:374)(cid:272)e, earl(cid:455) theorists (cid:448)ie(cid:449)ed (cid:271)eha(cid:448)ior as (cid:271)ei(cid:374)g (cid:272)o(cid:374)trolled (cid:271)(cid:455) instincts, complex behaviors that are rigidly patterned throughout a species & are unlearned. Drive-reduction theory: proposes that most physiological needs create aroused physiological state that drive us to reduce or satisfy those needs. the aim of drive reduction is internal stability, or homeostasis. Furthermore, we are not only pushed by internal drives but we are also pulled by external incentives (i. e. - when there is both a need (hunger) & an incentive (smell of freshly baked bread); we feel strongly driven) Arousal theory states that rather than reducing a physiological need or minimizing tension, some motivated behaviors increase arousal. two early 20th century psychs studied the relationship of arousal to performance & identified the yerkes-dodson law, suggesting that moderate arousal would lead to optimal performance.