BIOLOGY 173 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Exocytosis, Cholesterol, Invagination

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harlequinlocust917

16 Sep 2016

School

Bloomsburg University

Department

Biological Allied Health Sci

Course

BIOLOGY 173

Professor

Surmacz

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Document Summary

Carrier mediated transport: requires integral membrane protein. Two types of carrier mediated transport: facilitated diffusion (passive) = no atp required. Definition: movement of a substance through a membrane protein movement of a substance through a membrane from a high to low concentration. Steps: substance binds to carrier (specific, carrier changes shape, new shape: substance is exposed to the inside of the cell, continues until equilibrium, active transport (active) = requires atp. Movement of a substance through a membrane from area of low concentration to high concentration. Moving large substances in or out of the cell by means of vesicles: endocytosis - packaging of extracellular (outside) material into a vesicle for transport into a cell. Phagocytosis cell eating uptake of large particulates. White blood cells take in bacteria or debris. Pseudopods (cytoplasmic extensions) reach out and grab the bacteria and traps it into a vesicle (vacuole) (or a membrane bound sphere). Pinocytosis cell-drinking intake of fluid and dissolved particles (solutes)

Related Questions

1. What biochemical feature of a phospholipid molecule allows phospholipids to spontaneously form closed compartments when placed in an aqueous solution?

a) they are amphipathic

b) they are charged

c) they are spherical

d) they have a single fatty acid tail

2. Other than phospholipids, what molecule do cells use to alter the fluidity of biological membranes?

3. What distinguishes active transport from passive transport?

a) active transport can utilize channel proteins

b) passive transport does not utilize carrier/transporter proteins

c) active transport requires the input of energy

d) active transport only occurs at the plasma membrane

4. In the case of active transport, the Na+/K+ pump undergoes a sequence of conformational changes that allows the movement of Na+ and K+ across a membrane against their electrochemical gradients, while in the case of ER protein import SRP undergoes a sequence of conformational changes to allow the signal sequence to interact with the translocation pore. What drives these conformational changes?

a) hydrolysis of a high energy phosphate bond

b) binding of a solute or protein

c) both

d) neither

5. Is protein import into the ER co-transcriptional, or co-translational?

burgundyhyena124

Cells lining your stomach use ATP to pump large numbers of H+ ions against their concentration gradient (from low concentration to high concentration) into the stomach via this process: A. active transport B. receptor-mediated transport C. osmosis D. facilitated diffusion

Read the following scenarios and indicate which of the following processes they describe.

11. Sodium molecules move randomly around a solution of sodium chloride in water, frequently colliding with other sodium ions and chloride ions. secondary active transport diffusion osmosis facilitated diffusion primary active transport

12. Sodium ions (Na+) move through sodium channels in a synthetic membrane. primary active transport secondary active transport facilitated diffusion osmosis

13. Water molecules move into the cytosol of a cell placed in a hypotonic solution. primary active transport secondary active transport facilitated diffusion osmosis

14. Water molecules move into the cytosol of a cell placed in pure water. facilitated diffusion osmosis secondary active transport primary active transport

15. Water molecules move out of a cell placed in a hypertonic solution. facilitated diffusion primary active transport secondary active transport osmosis

16. The action of sodium-potassium pumps moves sodium ions (Na+) out of a cell and potassium ions (K+) into a cell. facilitated diffusion secondary active transport osmosis primary active transport

17. Glucose molecules move into cells lining the intestine against their concentration gradient driven by the movement of sodium ions (Na+) into the cells down their concentration gradient. osmosis secondary active transport primary active transport facilitated diffusion

18. A beaker of water is separated by a selectively permeable membrane that allows the passage of water but not ions. A solution of 4% sodium chloride (NaCl) is placed on one side of the membrane and pure water is placed on the other side of the membrane. The solutions are allowed to equilibrate. At this point, which process is going on? facilitated diffusion osmosis secondary active transport primary active transport

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BIOLOGY 173 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Exocytosis, Cholesterol, Invagination

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