CHEM 116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Litmus, Hydrofluoric Acid, Acid
4 Aug 2016
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Document Summary
Bases have the following general properties: a bitter taste, a slippery feel, the ability to turn red litmus paper blue, and the ability to neutralize acids. Arrhenius definition: arrhenius acid: a substance that produces h+ ions in aqueous solutions. H+ always associates with water to form this. Ha(aq) h+ (aq) + a- (aq: arrhenius base: a substance that produces oh- ions in aqueous solutions. Bond polarity: based off the electronegativities of individual species, the h needs to have a positive charge. Li-h is ionic with the negative charge on the hydrogen atom, so this is not an acid. C-h is virtually nonpolar because the electronegativities of carbon and hydrogen are similar. H-f is polar with the positive charge on the hydrogen, so this is an acid. Bond strength: the stronger the bond, the weaker the acid. The more tightly the hydrogen atom is held, the less likely it is to come off.
