CAS BI 106 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Sclera, Conjunctivitis, Retina

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2 Jul 2020

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Hair cells can contribute to all of the different areas of the inner ear as well as the two senses: hearing and equilibrium. The basilar is the bottom membrane from which the hair cells come out. The cells have cilia that project on the apical side; above them, there is another membrane, the tectorial membrane. As the hair cells are pushed to the tectorial membrane, they are pushed to the side, this creates a movement and electrical signals. Depending on the strength and the frequency that the hair cells are pushed to the side, that is going to determine the electrical signals. All together, the pattern is going to be dictated by the pitch of the sound, the frequency of vibrations and the volume of the sound. The vestibule and the semicircular canals help us with our sense of balance. The rotational equilibrium is nd in the semicircular canals (detect rotations)

Related Questions

The images of objects being closely examined fall on the

a. optic disk

b. fovea centralis

c. oraserrata

d. blind stop

e. sclera

The lateral geniculate body in the Thalamus probably interprets

a. color and depth perception

b. direction of orientation of lines and borders

c. the finer meaning of the image

d. contrast in images

Which one of the following is correct?

a. downward movement of the basilar membrane causes the hair cells to depolarize

b. high frequency sounds cause maximum movement of the basilar membrane near the base of the cochlea

c. the hairs of the sensory cells of the organ of corti are embedded in the basilar membrane

d. the amplitude of a sound wave decreases as it travels along the basilar membrane

Choose the false statement about the semicircular canals

a. they are located in the inner ear

b. they sense acceleration or changes in position

c. nerve impulses begun here are conveyed to the brain by the vestibular branch of the cranial nerve VII

d. there are 4 semicircular canals in each ear

e. each canal has an enlarged portion called an ampulla

Crista, macula, otholith, and spiral organ of corti are all structures located in the inner ear.

rosecrocodile221

11.Which sequence of events is required for the brain to interpret sound?
I. Vibration of the basilar membrane relative to the tectorial membrane causes cilia on hair cells to bend and triggers depolarization.

II. Hair cells stimulate the production of action potentials in sensory neurons that project to the brain.

III. Ganglion cell axons transmit action potentials to the occipital lobe.

A. II then I B.III then I then II. C.III then I D.I then II E.I then II then III

12. Which animal became numerous and widespread by using sonar to enable a high level activity in the dark?

A.bats B.whales C.owls D.dolphins E.shrews

13.In the vertebrate eye, what structure is light focused onto?

A.pupil B.lens C.retina D.sclera E.iris

14.Which is NOT a part of the vertebrate eye?

A. cornea B. retina C. iris D. cochlea E. pupil

15. In the vertebrate eye, what structure controls the amount of light that reaches the retina?
A. fovea. B. cornea. C. iris D. lens E. sclera

16.What are the short retinal photoreceptors responsible for color vision called?

A.rods B.cones C.bipolar cells. D.glial cells. E.ganglion cells

17. What sensory equipment is required for an animal to have binocular vision?

A.eyes located to the sides of the head B.forward-facing eyes C.a camera-type eye with multiple lenses

D. infrared vision E.ultraviolet vision

18. Choose the receptor that is NOT correctly matched with its function.

A.proprioceptor - monitors stretch of muscle fibers

B.baroreceptor - monitors hydrostatic pressure in blood vessels

C.nociceptor - transmits signals that the brain interprets as pain

D.chemoreceptor - perceives taste and smell stimuli

E.peripheral chemoreceptor - monitors the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid

19. Where is the visual image in focus for a nearsighted individual?

A.behind the retina B.in front of the retina C.on the retina, but it appears blurred

D.at the lens, forming a shadow on the retina E.on the retina, but it is upside down

20. Since the optic nerve must pass through the retinal layer, we all have a blind spot devoid of light receptors. This normally goes unnoticed, since the brain attempts to compensate for missing sensory information by filling it in based on surrounding patterns. Which step of the sensory pathway is represented by perceptual filling-in of the physiological blind spot?

A. interpretation B. stimulus. C. transduction into receptor potential D.action potential transmission

CAS BI 106 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Sclera, Conjunctivitis, Retina

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