CGS SS 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Exaptation, Francis Fukuyama, Individualism
6 Apr 2016
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Globalization and culture: francis fukuyama vs. samuel p. huntington. Fukuyama argued that liberal democracy as culminated in democratic countries of west represent best ways in which humanities can achieve material/psychological needs. Huntington challenged fukuyama the clash of civilizations and the reworking of the. World order : argued modernization and westernization were not the same, accused fukuyama of conflating the two, urbanization included increasingly levels of literacy/education/wealth, modernization consists of increasing possibilities of social mobility. Huntington argues globalization leading to this not modernization. Modernization usually makes people even more sensitive about cultural identities. People going through painful process of socialization: turn to something traditional/familiar to provide psychological stability. Tend to return back to indigenous norms. Turn to fundamentalist religion to anchor them to prevent anomie: wahabism/osama bin laden. Expression of growing frustration/resentment to huge global forces that dominate lives: westoxification . Seen as toxin/disease that can destroy way of traditional life: as a bad thing (not good)
