BIOL 0510 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Phylogenetic Tree, Carl Woese, Chromosomal Crossover
7 Nov 2016
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Evolutionary relationships among lineages, such as genes, individuals, populations, species, etc. Based on morphology, dna sequence, or other observable traits. Physiological features are easy with large charismatic mammals. Pioneered use of genetic sequencing to study microbial phylogenetics. Found out that you can use conserved regions to amplify variable regions of rrna through pcr. Use of 16s (18s) rrna sequencing, separated prokaryotes into bacteria and archaea and archaea. Archaea is very different from bacteria based on their genetic information (bc began evolving in separate lineages) Collected microbes and copied dna without ever having to grow them - opened up the natural world. Ability to amplify genetic material from the environment. Isolate cell dna --> amplify via pcr --> sequence the dna --> sequence analysis and alignment --> generate phylogenetic tree. Optimal tree will minimize the amount of changes required to achieve the tree. Therefore, shortest possible tree that explains the data is the best.
