BMS 360 Lecture Notes - Central Venous Pressure, Natriuresis, Renin
Document Summary
Understand how blood volume is regulated and how changes in blood volume and extracellular fluid distribution influence cardiac output and blood pressure. Understand the difference between volume sensing by stretch receptors and atrial cardiomyocytes and how these mechanisms influence blood volume and pressure. Be able to explain and diagram how the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system regulates blood pressure. Understand the central importance of the kidney in blood pressure regulation. Total body water volume = 40 l, 60% body weight. Intracellular fluid volume = 25 l, 40% body weight. Extracellular fluid volume = 15 l, 20% body weight. Interstitial fluid volume = 12 l, 80% of ecf. Plasma volume = 3 l, 20% of ecf. An increase in blood volume increases central venous pressure, right atrial pressure, and right ventricular end-diastolic pressure and volume. Blood volume is regulated by the kidneys by adjusting the excretion of water and sodium into the urine.
