CHEM 113 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Coffee Cup, Exothermic Process, Thermodynamics
Document Summary
What happens in the system, can be a reaction. The system could be anything in our interest. Studying heat or anything else in the system. No exchange of energy between system and surroundings. Matter and energy can go into and out of the system. But the matter stays in the system and doesn"t share it with surroundings. Rotational: spinning motion around axis perpendicular to bond. Vibrational: movement of atoms toward/away from each other. If a is in contact with b and c is in contact with b then a is in contact with c. Energy can be neither created nor destroyed, only transferred between the system and the surroundings. An exception occurs in nuclear processes where mass and energy are interchangeable as e = mc2. Energy is dispersed (becomes arranged in a more disorderly way) in any spontaneous process. For any spontaneous process, the entropy of the universe (the entirety of any system and its surroundings) must increase.
