LIFE 210 Lecture Notes - Condensin, Kinetochore, Spindle Apparatus
Document Summary
The cell cycle control system depends on cyclin-dependent protein kinases (cdks) Cyclins undergo a cycle of synthesis and degradation in each cell cycle. 3 cyclins are required in all eukaryotic cells. Cdk activity can be suppressed by cdk inhibitory proteins (cki) Help fine tune g1/s- and s-cdks, in addition to cyclin synthesis/degradation (main mechanism) and cdk phosphorylation. The cell-cycle control system depends on cyclical proteolysis. Anaphase-promoting complex or cyclosome (apc/c), an ubiquitin ligase. The cell-cycle control system function as a network of biochemical switches. Each switch is influenced by various inhibitory mechanisms: information about environment, cell damage, incomplete cell cycle events, etc. The genome must be copied only once to avoid gene amplification. Chromatin: dna + proteins (histones that form nucleosomes) End of s phase the replication chromosomes (sister chromatids) are glued together along their length by cohesion. M-cdk drives chromosome condensation and sister chromatid resolution.
