BIOMI 2900 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Cell Wall, Nucleoid, Cytoplasm
30 Aug 2017
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Document Summary
0. 2 - 700 um (usually less than 5um) Cell design by a committee - many things inside. Diffusion across cell is slower probably why there is a lot of internal membrane. Protein-synthesizing structures that contain rna & proteins. A lot of genetic machinery resembles simple versions of those in eukaryotes. Believed to be a foundational point in eukaryotes. Tata binding proteins (initiate transcription) (70s in organelles) Somewhat later, chloroplasts came from cyanobacterium algae and plants. This is the end of the elementary stuff. Spirochetes - tightly coiled, move like a corkscrew (phylum) Many toxins kill bacteria by poking a hole in the membrane. Hypha - will bud off at the end (focusing on bacteria and archaea) Permeability barrier - selectively lets things in/out. Anchors proteins that participate in important tasks. Amphipathic - polar on one end, not on the other. Ions (h+, k+, etc) highly charged so can"t get across. Glucose (c6) not as polar, but can"t get across.
