BIOL 031 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Vascular Smooth Muscle, Nitric Oxide, Hyperaemia
18 Aug 2020
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Document Summary
Active hyperemia increased metabolic rate, oxygen is delivered to the cells as fast, as consumed by cells, but with increased metabolic rate, oxygen is consumed faster than it is produced, making a decreased oxygen concentration in extracellular fluid. Steady state: o2 delivered as fast as consumed, co2 removed as fast as produced. Increased metabolic rate: o2 consumed exceeds delivery rate, co2 produced faster than being removed. Response to low o2 and high co2: vasodilation (increase diameter of blood vessels, vasodilation increased blood flow. Increased blood flow: delivers more o2, removes more co2. Reactive hyperemia blockage of blood flow to tissue. Release blockage: increased blood flow due to low resistance, metabolites removed, oxygen delivered. A change in vascular resistance in response to stretch of blood vessel in the absence of external factors. With increase prefusion pressure, increases the blood flow and the pressure in the arterioles goes up: stretches the arteriole wall, stretch of vascular smooth muscle.
