BIOL 031 Lecture Notes - Lecture 25: Oliguria, Ultrafiltration, Ultrastructure
22 Dec 2020
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Nephrotic syndrome - protein loss in the urine due to damaged endothelial or basement membrane cells. > 3. 5 gm of proteinuria (it"s being filtered too much) Edema (low osmolality in iv space causes water to go into interstitium. Low vitamin d (and thus low calcium) S- often idiopathic, but also associated with cancers, med exposure. O - (pedo: proteinuria, edema, dyslipidemia, oval fat bodies (maltese crosses) Idiopathic lesion thought to cause nephrotic syndrome. Could be secondary to hiv, sickle cell disease, obesity with sleep apnea, and reflux nephropathy) S -swelling, history of genitourinary reflux, obesity/sleep apnea, decreased renal mass, hiv or heroin exposure. O - pedo - proteinuria, edema, dyslipidemia, oval fat bodies. Treat underlying disease, but you can also try steroids, immunosuppressants, or chemo. Most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children. (kids are all the same, they minimally change) S - sudden foot swelling, maybe cancer (lymphoma in adults), maybe med exposure, most common in children,
