BIOL 031 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Ascending Limb Of Loop Of Henle, Hypokalemia, Alkalosis
22 Dec 2020
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Pathophysiology of metabolic alkalosis and associated hypokalemia. Generation phase = loss of acid from ecf. Parietal cell: replaces lost acid by secreting h+ into stomach in exchange for k+ into the cell. Concurrently: hco3 into the blood for cl- into the cell. Maintenance phase = kidney is tricked into retaining bicarbonate. Loss of fluid volume depletion gfr in hco3 reabsorption. Remember that angiotensin ii and aldosterone cause increase in bicarb. Volume depletion + hypokalemia in proximal hco3 reabsorption. Mineralocorticoid excess (aldosterone) + hypokalemia in. Diuretics, vomiting, bartter"s syndrome, and gitelman syndrome. Bartter"s syndrome: mutation in na-2cl-k channel in thick ascending limb wasting na, cl, & k (& ca & Body responds to vomiting (chloride-responsive) by retaining cl and excreting k. Rashes, ulcers, arthritis, pleuritis, pericarditis, low rbc and wbc, nerve and kidney issues. Usually affects women 17-40 yo: o - skin rashes, sore joints, +hematuria, + proteinuria, +
