GEOL 001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 27: Calcite, Wollastonite, Overburden Pressure
20 Dec 2020
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Document Summary
Coal petroleum & natural gas sources of iron, aluminum, & manganese evaporites salt, gypsum phosphates fertilizers. Science considerations: fossils (ancient life) geologic histories / reconstructions. Process by which t, p, & chemical reactions alter mineral content & structure of pre- existing rock (w/o melting solid-state only) Occurs when t & p break some atomic bonds. Metamorphic rocks produced from: igneous rocks sedimentary rocks other metamorphic rocks. Rocks under new environmental conditions come into equilibrium with surrounding conditions. Recrystallization results in new, stable minerals (at those new conditions) Geothermal gradient varies from 10 c/km in stable parts of continents to >100 c/km in tectonically active areas. H2o&co2 enhances migration of ions increases potential for reaction. All of these control the process (degree) of metamorphism, but the composition is controlled by the protolith. Example of metamorphism: sandy limestone metamorphosed to marble. At 200 c, sandy limestone is made of: quartz & calcite.
