GEOL 1020 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Plant, Permineralization, Palynology
7 Dec 2017
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Document Summary
Phylogenetic tree (or evolutionary tree) a branching diagram that portrays ancestor-descendant relationships over time. So, fossils support the ancestor-descendant relationship indicated by the cladogram. Prokaryotes are the oldest life on earth (extending back some 3. 6 ga). Grypania, the oldest eukaryote fossils are ~2. 1 ga (proterozoic). Eukaryotes include protists, fungi, plants and animals. Mostly single-celled organisms, and a few, simple multicellular organisms. Dinoflagellate unicellular algae that first appeared in mesozoic (late. Used by geologists: index fossils for biostratigraphy because they have an extensive range geographically and time-wise. They are most useful for determining relative age and paleoenvironment. In coastal waters, a population explosion or bloom" in toxic dinoflagellates causes red tide (results in mass mortality in marine organisms). Unicellular algae in lakes and oceans that form opaline silica skeletons. Form siliceous ooze (skeleton) on ocean floor. Common in fossil record (late mesozoic - recent) Mostly microscopic, single celled aquatic protozoans with chambered skeletons of calcite or cemented sand grains.
