MCDB 1150 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Asymmetric Carbon, Carbonyl Group, Chemical Formula
17 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
Sugar part of a protein or lipid. Carbonyl group can occur as a aldehyde so sugar is called altose or ketone in which sugar would be called ketose. Sugar molecules, bc they have an asymmetric carbon (carbon bonded to four different chemical groups), they can exist in two flavors which makes them chiral. Chiral: describes an object that is not superimposed on its mirror image. A chiral molecule has an isomer which is a nonsuperimposable mirror image. Stereoisomers: isomeric molecules of same molecular formula and same sequence of bonded atoms. Differ in 3-d orientation of atoms in space. Enantiomers: nonsuperimposable mirror images with the same physical properties, may have very different biological properties. Diastereomers: not mirror images, seldom have the same physical properties. Isomer: any two molecules with same molecular formula, but a different arrangement of molecular groups (atoms) in space. D/l refers to the direction that an enantiomer rotates the plane of polarized light.
