BIOL 22000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Invertebrate, Arteriole, Colloid
26 Jun 2018
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Lecture 13
Cardiovascular Basic Principles
oIn very small organism, vital substances are exchange though diffusion
oCirculatory system move fluid from the surface of an organism to its deepest in
larger animals
For animals more then 5 to 10 cells thick
oTwo important parts:
A space for fluid to move in
Such as blood vessels
A pumping mechanism to distribute the fluid
oCardiovascular system are a subtype composed of
Heart
Vessels
Blood
Bulk Flow
oA pressure gradient causes a liquid to move from one compartment to another, if
there is a path for movement
High pressure to low pressure
The flow is due to pressure
oWorks for mixtures of substances in a fluid
Blood, air in lungs, stomach contents
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o
Ease of movement is how easily a substance can move in its container
Pressure difference is driving force
oThe circulatory system happened around 5
For organisms A, B and C, diffusion would do the trick
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Their cells are only few tissues thick
For organism D and onwards, it need s circulatory system
Arose in the ancestor to all triploblasts (animals that have 3 tissues layers)
Allowed animals to become larger since diffusion wasn’t limiting
exchange
Animal that have circulation system has circulatory fluid
One fluid: hemolymph, similar to interstitial fluid
oHemolymph acts like both blood and lymph
Two Fluids: blood and lymph
oLymph is closer in composition to interstitial fluid
oCells for gas exchange/transport
Most important function of circulatory system
Oxygen and carbon dioxide are carried by molecule called respiratory
pigment
Oxygen is not that soluble in water
Found dissolved in hemolymph in most invertebrate
Found on cells in 3 groups of animals
Red blood cells in vertebrate
“pink blood cells” in annelids
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Document Summary
Lecture 13: in very small organism, vital substances are exchange though diffusion, circulatory system move fluid from the surface of an organism to its deepest in larger animals. For animals more then 5 to 10 cells thick: two important parts: A space for fluid to move in. A pumping mechanism to distribute the fluid: cardiovascular system are a subtype composed of. Bulk flow: a pressure gradient causes a liquid to move from one compartment to another, if there is a path for movement. The flow is due to pressure: works for mixtures of substances in a fluid. Blood, air in lungs, stomach contents o. Ease of movement is how easily a substance can move in its container. Pressure difference is driving force: the circulatory system happened around 5. For organisms a, b and c, diffusion would do the trick. Their cells are only few tissues thick. For organism d and onwards, it need s circulatory system.
