BIOSC-116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Meiosis, Mendelian Inheritance, Chromosome

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turquoiseturtle299

11 Sep 2020

School

Diablo Valley College

Department

Biological Science

Course

BIOSC-116

Professor

fox

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Document Summary

Gametes form by meiosis, where recombination of genetic material takes place as a result of: Explain the role of gamete formation and sexual reproduction in variability of offspring the individual alleles of maternally and paternally derived chromosomes to assort independently. One cell undergoes two meiotic divisions to generate four haploid cells. The gene in each haploid cell are a new combination of parental genes. The new combination results from both crossing over and random segregation, allowing. Crossing over: crossing over of genetic material during meiosis results in the exchange. Random segregation: during meiosis, genes on different chromosomes sort. Random fertilisation: when a male and female, from two different gametes randomly of genes between chromosomes pairs. Describe the inheritance of sex-linked genes, and alleles that exhibit co-dominance and explain why they don"t produce the simple mendelian ratio. Explain the relationship between homozygous and heterozygous genotypes and the resulting phenotype in examples of co-dominance.

Related Questions

Which statements pertaining to genetic variability are correct? Check all that apply (note that wrong answers will be deducted from right answers)!

Crossing over is defined by the exchange of chromosome pieces during metaphase one of meiosis.

If a germ cell (i.e. parent cell before meiosis) had only two pairs of homologous chromosomes (i.e. 4 chromosomes total) there are 2 possible combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes in gametes.

Siblings produced by sexual reproduction are different because sperms are different from one another and eggs are different from one another, and the combination of an egg and sperm is basically unique.

Random fertilization means that all possible combinations of eggs and sperm are equally likely, i.e. it is pure chance which sperm fuses with which egg.

Individual chromosomes contain thousands of genes. This means that during each crossing over event, more than one gene is exchanged between paternal and maternal chromosomes.

limedonkey586

What is the purpose of meiosis?

To enable an organism to produce gametes

To allow for growth

To allow an organism to replace damaged cells

Question 2

Select one answer.

10 points

Mitosis results in ________ and meiosis results in ________.

gametes, somatic cells

gametes, gametes

somatic cells, somatic cells

somatic cells, gametes

Question 3

Select one answer.

10 points

Which of the following tasks is accomplished through the processof meiosis?

Cell growth

Production of sperm or eggs

Replacement of dysfunctional cells

Question 4

Select one answer.

10 points

What advantage does sexual reproduction have over asexualreproduction?

All other selections are true.

Sexual reproduction provides more genetic variability

Sexual reproduction doubles the number of chromosomes in aspecies

Sexual reproduction is more efficient

Question 5

Select one answer.

10 points

Crossing over occurs between homologous chromosomes during whatstage of cell division? (Read each option carefully.)

Prophase I of meiosis

Prophase of mitosis

Prophase II of meiosis

Interphase

Question 6

Select one answer.

10 points

Corn has 20 chromosomes. When corn undergoes meiosis how manychromosomes are found in the gametes?

Question 7

Select one answer.

10 points

Homologous chromosomes separate and are pulled to opposite sidesof the cell during what stage of cell division? (Read each optioncarefully.)

Metaphase I of meiosis

Anaphase II of meiosis

Anaphase I of meiosis

Anaphase of mitosis

Question 8

Select one answer.

10 points

Mitosis results in ______ cells and meiosis results in _______cells.

diploid, haploid

haploid, diploid

diploid, diploid

haploid, haploid

jadepug655

1. How does meiosis generate genetic diversity?

a) crossing over

b) random alignment at metaphase I

c) synapsis

d) both crossing over and random alignment at metaphase I

2. What would happen if crossing over occurred between sister chromatids?

a) Genetic diversity would decrease due to the loss of gene combinations.

b) Genetic diversity would increase due to the addition of gene combinations.

c) Gene rearrangement would lead to changes in gene expression.

d) Nothing would happen becasue sister chromatids are genetically identical or nearly identical.

3. Animals that sexually reproduce are _____ and produce _____ gametes. (haploid, diploid; haploid, haploid; diploid, diploid; diploid, haploid)

4. The F1 generation of a cross between two individuals, one that is homozygous dominant for a trait and the other that is homozygous recessive for the trait, will yield progeny with the same phenotype. (true or false)

5. Homologous chromosomes separate from each other in:

a) mitosis

b) meiosis I

c) meiosis II

d) They never separate from each other during any form of cell division

chocolatealpaca651

BIOSC-116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Meiosis, Mendelian Inheritance, Chromosome

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