PSYCH-190 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Social Cognitive Theory, Albert Bandura, Animal Training
21 Jun 2020
School
Department
Course
Professor
Psych 190
Psych of Adolescence
Spring 2018
What is Behaviorism?
● Only addresses observable behavior
o Classical Conditioning
o Operant Conditioning
o Social Cognitive Perspective
● Best known Theorists
o John Watson
o B.F. Skinner
o Albert Bandura
Classical Conditioning
Application of Operant Conditioning
● Shaping
o Teaching complex behaviors
● Animal training, people training
o Parent/child, child/child, teacher/child
▪ Time out from positive reinforcement
● Learn to do something because of its effects (consequences)
● Behavior occurs spontaneously, environment rewards or punishes behavior
● B.F. Skinner
Principles of Operant Conditioning
● Positive reinforces
o Something applied; increases frequency of behavior
● Negative reinforcers
o Something removed; increases frequency of behavior
● Extinction
o Operant behavior no longer shown after repeated performance of behavior
without reinforcement
Punishment
● Aversive events that decrease the behavior they follow
Application of Operant Conditioning
● Shaping
o Teaching complex behaviors
● Animal training, People training1
o Parent/child, child/child, teacher/child
▪ Time out from positive reinforcement
The Learning Perspective
Operant conditioning
● Social Cognitive Theory
o Observational learning
Evaluation of Learning Theories
● Contributions
Document Summary
Only addresses observable behavior: classical conditioning, operant conditioning, social cognitive perspective. Best known theorists: john watson, b. f. skinner, albert bandura. Animal training, people training: parent/child, child/child, teacher/child, time out from positive reinforcement. Learn to do something because of its effects (consequences) Behavior occurs spontaneously, environment rewards or punishes behavior. Positive reinforces: something applied; increases frequency of behavior. Negative reinforcers: something removed; increases frequency of behavior. Extinction: operant behavior no longer shown after repeated performance of behavior without reinforcement. Aversive events that decrease the behavior they follow. Animal training, people training1: parent/child, child/child, teacher/child, time out from positive reinforcement. Meets goals of describing, explaining, predicting, influencing aspects of behavior. Principles abundant in education and clinical application. Bandura: children also learn via interaction with others in the environment. Learning alters mental representation of environment, influences belief in ability to change environment. How children think about actions are observed. Language, a powerful tool used when thinking.
