PSYCH-230 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Aaron T. Beck, Social Cognitive Theory, B. F. Skinner
Document Summary
Views abnormal behaviour as responses learned in the same ways other human behaviour is learned. Behaviour that is followed by + consequences and will be repeated (reinforcement) Behaviour that is followed by consequences will be discouraged (punishment0. Positive reinforcement strengthening of a tendency to respond by virtue of the presentation of a pleasant event positive reinforcer. Negative reinforcement strengthens a response by the removal of aversive events. Punishment application of aversive or painful stimuli that reduces the frequency of the behaviour it follows. Emphasizes observational learning and incorporates roles for cognitive variables. Modelling learning by observing and imitating behaviour of others. Depression arises from errors in thinking or cognitive distortions . E. g. judging oneself entirely on the basis of their flaws or failures and interpreting events in a negative light. Beck stresses the four basic types of cognitive distortions that contribute to emotional distress: Troubling events in themselves do not lead to anxiety, depression, or disturbed behaviour; judgements do.
