BIOL 1150 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Down Syndrome, Meiosis, Mitosis
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Document Summary
2 types of eukaryotic cell division: mitosis, meiosis. Cell division used to make sperm and eggs only. Mistakes can lead to disorders like down syndrome. The process that produces haploid gametes in diploid organisms. Multiple eggs and lots of sperm produced. Only one egg and one sperm unite. Random which egg and which sperm it is. Crossing over = exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes. Each chromosome becomes a mixture of information from mom and dad. Main reason of sexual reproduction and genetically unique. Dominant = version of trait fully shows. Recessive = version of trait can be hidden. Heterozygous = 1 dominant, 1 recessive allele.
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Related Questions
Which statements pertaining to genetic variability are correct? Check all that apply (note that wrong answers will be deducted from right answers)!
Crossing over is defined by the exchange of chromosome pieces during metaphase one of meiosis. |
If a germ cell (i.e. parent cell before meiosis) had only two pairs of homologous chromosomes (i.e. 4 chromosomes total) there are 2 possible combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes in gametes. |
Siblings produced by sexual reproduction are different because sperms are different from one another and eggs are different from one another, and the combination of an egg and sperm is basically unique. |
Random fertilization means that all possible combinations of eggs and sperm are equally likely, i.e. it is pure chance which sperm fuses with which egg. |
Individual chromosomes contain thousands of genes. This means that during each crossing over event, more than one gene is exchanged between paternal and maternal chromosomes. |